Diky Mudhakir
The problem in recombinant or synthetic antigens today for the use of vaccines is less immunogenic than living or dead microorganism vaccines. Thus a potent adjuvant is needed to increase the immune response. Oral antigen administration in the vaccination process generally stimulates the local immune response (mucosa) even though it can also stimulate a systemic immune response. The development of the Oral route antigen delivery system is a challenge in the oral vaccine preparation formulation due to instability and low antigen absorption through digestion. To facilitate the effectiveness of oral route antigens, a delivery system can protect antigens from stomach acid degradation and can increase the absorption of antigens in the intestinal so that it has the potential to stimulate the immune response. In the Solida-School of Pharmaceutical School ITB, a technology platform has been developed to deliver the albumin antigen model in the nanoparticles of alginate-sodium alginate which is provided orally and can increase the immune response in vivo (1). Research this time, is a continuation of previous studies using the HBsAg vaccine for hepatitis B which is packaged in a nanoparticle preparation. Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) and Moringa leaves (Moringa Oleifera Lam) are plants that have been used as immunostimulators in Indonesia and in this study will be reviewed and compared to their effectiveness as an adjuvant for HBsAg. Chitosan nanoparticles salute alginate who spoil the HBsAg and each phyllanthus niruri extract or the Moringa Oleifera extract will be tested by its immune response in vitro and in vivo. In addition, mechanistic studies in the form of testing in vitro maturing in dendritic cells will be carried out to study the involvement of CD4 + cells and CD8 + cells in the immune response produced. It is hoped that the results of this study can be significantly contributed to reduce the prevalence of hepatitis B in Indonesia.